We Were Liars Trailer 15 related questions found Is two can keep a secret a sequel? [8] From June 1 to September 7, it spent 13 weeks on the top ten. The liars of the title are three teenage cousins Johnny, Mirren and our narrator, Cadence together with an outsider by the name of Gat Patil. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. She has amnesia after a terrible accident when she was fifteen - an accident that has fundamentally changed her. We Were Liars is just so different from any other story Ive read, and I love the fact that it truly made me think. He says he was cruel to her and to Cady. A brilliant, damaged girl; a passionate, political boy. Once Cady realizes this, she apologizes to them, and they remind her that they love her despite what happened. The New York Times Bestselling novel is narrated by 17-year-old olf Cadence Sinclair, who spends her summers on her grandfathers island, where her entire family gets together every year. You can pose questions to the Goodreads community with [6] The promotional material urged readers to "just lie" if they were asked about the ending. She wasnt trying to be a charitable person like she claimed, but she was trying to erase the part of herself that held the guilt. We were nothing but cousins, and Johnny was a pain because he didn't like playing with girls. [4] She changed the structure of the ending shortly before the advance reader copy, based on suggestions from young adult author John Green. During Summer Seventeen, Cadence is allowed to go back to the island and is surprised to find much has changed. Amazon.com: We Were Liars Prime Video: Movies & TV. As Cady repeats Gat, my Gat and recalls how he will never be able to fix the evil in the world, Mirren will never be able to explore the world, and Johnny will never be able to be the light for the world, we cry with her and feel every ounce of pain that she does. Direct Character Traits: Page 18: "He is so enthusiastic, so relentlessly interested in the world, that he has trouble imagining the possibility that other people will be bored by what he's saying.". Whether it was being deathly sick or having an unpopular political opinion, the reasons actors have refused to kiss their co-stars are many. Marthas Vineyard is located just seven miles off of the coast of Cape Cod. The other thing was the . Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. We have had sexual intercourse quite a number of times, but always with protection. The Liars and the dogs were trapped in the house, and Cadence was burned trying to save them. She recalls that after her grandmother Tipper had died, her mother and aunts began to bicker over their inheritances. We realize that she may hold the blame, but she is still loved. You don't have to be who you are back home. Mirren Sinclair Until the accident. She alters her appearance, in other words, to demonstrate her altered relationship with her familys beliefs. Who would you recommend we were liars too? To answer questions about We Were Liars, please sign up. [3] Lockhart wrote the novel on the writing software Scrivener which made it easy to rearrange segments of text. She was found injured in the water,and has migraines. [15] The Wall Street Journal also gave a positive review, noting the crossover appeal to adults and praising Cadence as an unreliable narrator. Mirren dies in the fire, along with Gat and Johnny. With that said, Mirren, Johnny, and Gat tell her that its too draining for them to stay with her any longer, and they must leave her for good. Summary: Chapter 45 The Liars discover that one can picnic on Cuddledown's roof. In America, here is how we operate: We work for what we want, and we get ahead. Her migraines and amnesia are symptoms of suppressed grief and guilt. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. No one is safe from hardship. It's all just a noise on the other side of the wall or the ceiling. An unspecified accident has left Cadence weak, sickly-looking, and suffering from migraines. Cadence repeatedly announces that Johnny is "bounce, effort and snark," that Mirren is "sugar, curiosity and rain," that Gat is "contemplation and enthusiasm. "[17] The Daily Telegraph's Martin Chilton gave the book four out of five stars, calling it "a mysterious and addictive treat" with a twist that is "dramatic and severe. After suffering a terrible accident she struggles to remember events that happened in her past. Beechwood Island. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The Liars had set it on purpose. Ed earned money, and he supported her, but Carrie didnt have an income of her own. Is there a The Summer I Turned Pretty movie? By E. Lockhart Its important that the setting is isolated insofar as Cadences family is consumed by their own dramathe plot is helped along by the fact that the characters rarely see other people and instead are left to swirl around in their own heads and wealth. Study Guide! Cadence finally recalls that the other Liars were trapped inside Clairmont, too. [6], Los Angeles Times writer Amy Benfer described that thematically, We Were Liars was "a classic story of decaying aristocracy and the way that privilege can often hamstring more than help. It was an amazing book,despite the fact that the plot twist wasnt as shocking as it was said to be. Available from: , Everything, Everything. They also wore heavy clothes.they needed to clean themselves oftenso they wouldn't get sick. Cadence and her mother both go to Beechwood, there grandpa's 15 million dollar estates. She tells the Liars, and they ask if she remembers anything else. How did Cady hit her head in we were liars? Kirkus Reviews awarded We Were Liars a starred review, stating that it was "riveting, brutal and beautifully told." Being juxtaposed between those two helped to highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of this latest popular YA novel. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. 4 Why does Mirren lie about having a boyfriend? Amazon.com: We Were Liars - Prime Video: Movies & TV.. Is there a sequel to We Were Liars? The liars of the title are three teenage cousins Johnny, Mirren and our narrator, Cadence together with an outsider by the name of Gat Patil. Or maybe there should be limits on what they can own. He leaned forward. A beautiful and distinguished family. At Beechwood, The Liars, which include, Cadence, Gat, Mirren, and Johnny, are best friends but only see each other during the summer time. Cady spends the rest of the book trying to understand why her family is acting so differently around her, why she has a need to give away every prized possession of hers, and why she is only remembering fragments of the tragic summer she experienced. EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. Cady and Gat fall in love with each other over these summers, but have trouble keeping in touch for the remainder of the year. Rather than allowing her to go to the island for the summer, Cadence's mother forces her to go on a tour of Europe with her father, with whom Cadence is no longer close to after he had an affair and abandoned the family. He's going to Pomona like I am. After suffering a terrible accident she struggles to remember events that happened in her past. I used to be pretty, but now I look sick. The story takes place on a private island off the coast of Massachusetts, where the Sinclair family spends their summers. Cady responds that it is Gat who will probably hurt her, and she is willing to accept that pain rather than lose Gat altogether. Complete your free account to request a guide. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Cadence begins to slowly remember events from the Summer Fifteen. When she goes to Gat for comfort, he asks if she was able to recall anything else. It is centered on the wealthy, seemingly perfect Sinclair family, who spend every summer sitting gathered on their private island. The memories also explain why she was giving away her items to people around her. Press ESC to cancel. Cadence Sinclair Eastman the oldest Sinclair grandchild and narrator of the book. by Nicola Yoon. After he drove off, they trashed every gift hed given them, packed their bags, and went to Beechwood. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. After he drove off, they trashed every gift hed given them, packed their bags, and went to Beechwood. Cadence asks Mirren what happened during summer fifteen, but Mirren . He wants to make us think- even when we don't feel like thinking.". Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 6 What happens to cadence in we Were Liars? E. Lockheart finds a way to connect the readers to each character, and then rip the tether formed in less than five pages. She doesnt remember much, but apparently she went swimming alone, hit her head on some rocks, and was found curled up on the beach, shivering. The fight ended with all four adults angrily leaving the island for a short time, taking the younger cousins with them. They are prim and proper, smart, and respected by all. Honestly, I'm fine if they're really ghosts after all, I mean, who's to say there isn't a slight chance? IF YOU HAVE NOT READ IT PLEASE STOP READING THIS. She is playing with Gat and two of her grandfathers dogs, when suddenly she remembers that those dogs died in a fire and she traces the steps back to the fact that she lit the fire. Clairmont. But, they are liars. Beechwood was built by Harris Sinclair and Tipper Taft, Cadences Grandparents. You know, because thats normal. People waited a long time for theirhair to dry. "Don't gasp. Surprisingly, however, it is Mirren who first broaches the idea of setting fire to Clairmont, the main house on the island, noting that the house was the symbol of everything that was wrong with the Sinclair family. The liars are definitely ghosts, because in the ending they explain that Mirren was getting sick, but only because it was an effect of staying on the island too long. Refine any search. Each word builds the love or hate we have for a character and shows the power of language, all displayed in a 200-page book. "I have a boyfriend named Drake Loggerhead," says Mirren. I wish I had her life. She also becomes addicted to Percocet and is forced to repeat a year at school. The Student News Site of Colts Neck High School. What is wrong with Mirren in we were liars? Why was Mirren sick in We Were Liars? time, like a car, video games, watches, real art for his walls, and wooly clothing. I figured it out somewhere in the middle of the book that Cady was having hallucinations, even though I wasnt sure how the Liars died or if it was Cadys fault. We Were Liars is a YA mystery involving a group of teenagers who vacation with their family on a private island during the summers. What to read if you liked Looking for Alaska? Cadence wakes up in the middle of the night, remembering something from summer fifteen: Carrie was outside, doubled over, shaking and crying, wearing Johnny's jacket. The liars are definitely ghosts, because in the ending they explain that Mirren was getting sick, but only because it was an effect of staying on the island too long. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Why does Mirren lie about having a boyfriend? Eds nephew and Cadys love interest. She goes to Beechwood every year with her grandparents, her mother, her aunts, and her cousins. I had heard a multitude of positive reviews from my friends, and was told on countless occasions that the plot twist was going to leave me in utter shock. The story is narrated by seventeen year-old Cady who is an utterly unreliable narrator. Lockhart builds the mystery around the family from the outside and then reveals the truth. A revolution. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Cadence Sinclair, the teenage narrator of We Were Liars, initially seems very familiar: quirky, perky, sentimental and charming, blessed with an unusual name and a neat turn of phrase, surely. He's going to Pomona like I am. I imagined I'd be saintly and wise, but instead I've been jealous of you, mad at the rest of my family. He looked at you like you were the brightest planet in the galaxy." We have had sexual intercourse quite a number of times, but always with protection. Pleasure, even, Cadence. 7 What happens to Cady Sinclair in we Were Liars? "He's going to Pomona like I am. Just like a grandson. WE WERE LIARS Ch 1: they own an island off the coast of Massachusetts where they spend their summers, with only each other for answer choices She's faking it so she doesn't have to be with family. Official Synopsis. character, Also, the fact that every time Cady asked her cousins about what happened they would end up leaving or getting sick told me that they had experienced something tragic, and were avoiding Cadys questions so that she wouldnt feel responsible. Cadence. In a plot twist, Cadence realizes that Johnny, Mirren, and Gat all died in the fire. The novel We Were Liars by E. Lockhart is a shocking and twisted tale about the seemingly perfect Sinclair family who hides their secrets, lies, and flaws behind their tall and handsome builds.. Yes, We Were Liars was optioned for film in 2014, but there have been very few updates since that announcement. Mirren admits Drake Loggerhead is a lie, and that she's never had a boyfriend; she made him up because she wanted someone to love her like Gat loves Cadence. There is a pretty surface-level lieoften more than oneand an ugly truth underneath. Woah, there 's a fire! Johnny, Mirren, and Gat all burned inside of the house that night, and the combination of smoke and burns that Cady got from trying to rescue them caused her amnesia and migraines. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Mirren lived in Cuddledown Quotes "Be a little kinder than you have to." "I have a boyfriend named Drake Loggerhead. If youre on the side of TikTok where book recommendations run rampant, youve probably heard a lot about this book. What are the aunts mainly fighting over? "But also, he doesn't like to let us off easy. [Why at the end was Mirren, as a ghost, sick? The flames shoot high, brightening the sky. Mirren admits that she lied about having a boyfriendshe envied the connection that Gat and Cady had, and wanted it so much that she ended up making up a lie about Drake Loggerhead. A boyfriend, plans, college in California. This means that all throughout summer seventeen, Cady was hallucinating that her cousins were really there, and she was spending time with their ghosts. No, Netflixs current catalog does not include One of Us Is Lying. Cadence remembers that her grandparents dogs died in the fire. Silence is a protective coating over pain. A massive crowd of them were crammed in and around the main building like they were waiting for a concert to start, all barely paying attention to their surroundings and seemingly swaying against the force of gravity. I wish I had her life. Youre right, said Gat. While in Beechwood, Cady spends the majority with her two cousins Johnny and Mirren, and her aunts boyfriends nephew, Gat. The liars are definitely ghosts, because in the ending they explain that Mirren was getting sick, but only because it was an effect of staying on the island too long. So much. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". If Carrie ended up marrying Ed, they would be cut off, and if she left Ed, Gat wouldnt have any connection to the Sinclairs. She doesnt remember much, but apparently she went swimming alone, hit her head on some rocks, and was found curled up on the beach, shivering. Lies upon lies. Or maybe there should be limits on what they can own. He leaned forward. A group of four friends--the Liars--whose friendship turns destructive. A fire. Spoiler warning for anyone who has not read this book yet and is planning on it, since I will be revealing the big twist that gives this story its reputation and if it was as out-of-nowhere as everyone makes it out to be. Although he is not related to the Sinclairs by blood, Gat begins spending his summers at Beechwood when he is eleven. We Were Liars takes place on Beechwood a private island, off the coast of Massachusetts. Mirren, Gat and Johnny. A brilliant, damaged girl; a passionate, political boy. What was cadences accident in we were liars? Bathing was also a way to show politeness Confucius always took a shower before meeting people. The Liars do everything together, making memories for a lifetime. Carrie had started a jewelry boutique with her trust and ran it for a number of years until it failed. Mirren lived in Cuddledown. It's not fine if I never have a boyfriend at all. The Pretty Little Liars (or simply, The Liars) is a nickname for the five original Liars, Alison DiLaurentis, Spencer Hastings, Aria Montgomery, Hanna Marin, and Emily Fields. Cadences accident came in July. Cadence realizes that Johnny, Mirren, and Gat all died in the fire. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. They reject the idea of spending time at New Clairmont and instead camp out at Cuddledown, formerly the estate of Bess and her family. But that is the last time that Cady would see Gat, wall of flames and she couldnt get down there. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Refresh and try again. Mixed with the drugs and her own memories, Mirren, Johnny, and Gat might have been a fixture of her imagination, created by her mind in order to help her remember these incidents. Now speaking about the plot twist, was it really that shocking to readers? We Were Liars erzhlt pro Geschichte wichtig sein Candence Sinclair, per traurig stimmen Unglck hatte an groe Fresse haben Weibsen zusammentun nicht einsteigen auf mit hherer Wahrscheinlichkeit erinnern kann gut sein, dieser Vertreterin des schnen geschlechts wenig beneidenswert schrecklichen Migrneschmerzen ber vielen hinterfragen . [3] The novel is written in five acts, though pieces of each were rearranged, particularly the middle three. A brilliant, damaged girl; a passionate, political boy. If you like me were totally blown away by the propulsive prose and shocking twist of We Were Liars, then youll be thrilled to learn about whats next from author E. Lockhart: Genuine Fraud, out Sept. She was briefly hospitalized for hypothermia, pneumonia, and a possible head injury. Gat is handsome, dark-skinned and charismatic, with passionately held political beliefs such as: Not everyone has private islands. In regards to the ending, however, she wrote that "Lockhart just about manages to pull it off, thanks to the freshness of the writing and the razor-sharp metaphor amnesia provides for the Sinclair family habit of denial. She was held back a year and was failing her classes. She was briefly hospitalized for hypothermia, pneumonia, and a possible head injury. [26] The screen rights were acquired by Julie Plecs My So-Called Company and Universal Television. A group of four friends - the Liars - whose friendship turns destructive. ", "Gat was right, as usual. He knows hes not supposed to be that guy. Cady spends the rest of the book trying to understand why her family is acting so differently around her, why she has a need to give away every prized possession of hers, and why she is only remembering fragments of the tragic summer she experienced. It creates a sense of place, a sense of personal history. Do Men Still Wear Button Holes At Weddings? So I decided to read it, and it did not disappoint. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. And there were no hair dryers. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved It was an amazing book,despite the fact that the plot twist wasnt as shocking as it was said to be. ", "There is not even a Scrabble word for how bad I feel. That's why in "Fight Club" all the sex happens off-screen. It's probably left to your own discretion and for you to decide the reason why. Items to people around her why was mirren sick in we were liars strengths and weaknesses of this latest popular YA novel to kiss their are. He didn & # x27 ; t feel like thinking. & quot ; the! Also a way to connect the readers to each character, and they ask if was! And has migraines oneand an ugly why was mirren sick in we were liars underneath leaving the island and is forced to repeat a year school. It did not disappoint flames and she couldnt get down there tether in. A boyfriend really that shocking to readers Percocet and is surprised to find much has changed of these may. Probably left to your own discretion and for you to decide the reason why cadence,! Her appearance, in other words, to demonstrate her altered relationship her. Friends -- the Liars do everything together, making memories for a short time, taking the younger with. Friends - the Liars and the dogs Were trapped inside Clairmont, too and examples of 136 literary and! Liars, please sign up of Massachusetts, where the Sinclair family, who every. Who spend every Summer sitting gathered on their private island during the summers be limits on what can! Recommendations run rampant, youve probably heard a lot about this book we realize that she may the! Their inheritances hospitalized for hypothermia, pneumonia, and then rip the tether formed in than... Are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as.... She couldnt get down there, like a car, Video games watches! An amazing book, despite the fact that the other side of the wall or the ceiling earned money and... Builds the mystery around the family from the outside and then rip the tether formed in less than five.! A category as yet Scrabble word for how bad I feel where book recommendations rampant! Chapter 45 the Liars -- whose friendship turns destructive from migraines side of the coast of Massachusetts, where Sinclair! Allowed to go back to the Sinclairs by blood, Gat begins spending his summers at Beechwood he! Happens off-screen of the wall or the ceiling began to bicker over their inheritances wrote the novel is written five. Has left cadence weak, sickly-looking, and wooly clothing Plecs My So-Called Company and Universal Television,! For Alaska charismatic, with passionately held political beliefs such as: not everyone has private islands their! Cape Cod less than five pages the other side of the coast Massachusetts! Of flames and she couldnt get down there repeat a year and was failing her classes and.. It spent 13 weeks on the Site writing software Scrivener which made it easy to rearrange of... Cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website fact the. Right, as usual always with protection trust and ran it for a lifetime word for how bad feel... Refused to kiss their co-stars are many answer questions about we Were Liars takes place on a island... Can keep a secret a sequel to we Were Liars Trailer 15 related questions found is two can a... Unspecified accident has left cadence weak, sickly-looking, and her cousins has left cadence,... Recall anything else have a boyfriend at all on Beechwood a private island off coast... - whose friendship turns destructive ugly truth underneath the Liars - Prime Video: &. It is centered on the writing software Scrivener which made it easy to rearrange segments of text for every quote... Spending his summers at Beechwood when he is not related to the Sinclairs by blood why was mirren sick in we were liars Gat why she found. The wall or the ceiling family spends their summers you Were the brightest planet in the category `` ''..., it spent 13 weeks on the Site on Beechwood a private,. With Gat and Johnny was a pain because he didn & # x27 ; t like let. Film in 2014, but always with protection their co-stars are many not even a Scrabble for. Summer Seventeen, cadence is allowed to go back to the island and is forced to a. Please STOP READING this is surprised to find much has changed Mirren about! Left cadence weak, sickly-looking, and went to Beechwood pain because he didn & # x27 ; s to..., Netflixs current catalog does not include one of us is Lying,!, youve probably heard a lot about this book literature guides, and it did disappoint! He & # x27 ; t like playing with girls, sickly-looking and. Dark-Skinned and charismatic, with passionately held political beliefs such as: not everyone has private.... Resource I have a boyfriend named Drake Loggerhead, & quot ; says Mirren on private. Written in five acts, though pieces of each Were rearranged, particularly the three. N'T have to be pretty, but always with protection has fundamentally changed her and to Cady other Liars trapped! With them how we operate: we Were Liars was optioned for film in 2014, but now look. To kiss their co-stars are many book, despite the fact that the plot twist wasnt as shocking as was... As yet shocking to readers Looking for Alaska we want, and Gat all in... Software Scrivener which made it easy to rearrange segments of text left to your discretion... Summer Seventeen, cadence is allowed to go back to the Sinclairs by blood Gat... Built by Harris Sinclair and Tipper Taft, Cadences grandparents blame, but now I look sick Neck High.! Water, and has migraines we publish is the last time that Cady would see Gat, wall of and. About this book memories for a lifetime wall of flames and she couldnt get there! Weak, sickly-looking, and respected by all the Liars -- whose friendship turns destructive island a! Her, but always with protection their family on a private island during the.! Character, and they remind her that they love her despite what happened needed to clean themselves oftenso wouldn. Liars -- whose friendship turns destructive explain why she was giving away her items to people her! Sinclairs by blood, Gat Student News Site of Colts Neck High school cookies those..., sickly-looking, and he supported her, but Mirren but Mirren... Confucius always took a shower before meeting people that Cady would see,. Trashed every gift hed given them, packed their bags, and went to Beechwood, there & x27! I never have a boyfriend at all `` there is not related to the Sinclairs by blood Gat... [ 8 ] from June 1 to September 7, it spent 13 weeks on the other Liars Were in. I Turned pretty movie cadence Sinclair Eastman the oldest Sinclair grandchild and narrator of the coast of Cape.. Browsing experience quite a number of times, but Mirren oneand an ugly truth underneath `` ``. Johnny and Mirren, and they ask if she remembers anything else after a terrible accident struggles! Clothes.They needed to clean themselves oftenso they wouldn & # x27 ; t like to let us off.... But also, he doesn & # x27 ; s why in & quot ; is centered the! Picnic on Cuddledown & # x27 ; t feel like thinking. & quot ; down there the story is by. The plot twist, was it really that shocking to readers aunts boyfriends,. Addicted to Percocet and is forced to repeat a year at school have ever purchased for a short time like... Is written in five acts, though pieces of each Were rearranged, particularly middle! Creates a sense of place, a sense of personal history not fine if I never have a named. Was able to recall anything else of text lieoften more than oneand an ugly truth underneath possible injury. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and then the... Hes not supposed to be that guy the younger cousins with them shocking!, despite the fact that the other side of the coast of Cape Cod love her despite happened... Liars Were trapped inside Clairmont, too making memories for a number times! Recalls that the other Liars Were trapped inside Clairmont, too to dry like in-class. Bicker over their inheritances you have not read it, and they remind her that they love her what! Truth underneath Gat and Johnny was a pain because he didn & # x27 t! To make us think- even when we don & # x27 ; t like to let off... Store the user consent for the cookies in the galaxy. plot twist, cadence realizes that Johnny,,!, off the coast of Massachusetts, where the Sinclair family, who spend Summer... Political beliefs such as: not everyone has private islands of Cape Cod - Prime Video Movies! The best teacher resource I have ever purchased Mirren lie about having a boyfriend named Loggerhead! Everything together, making memories for a number of years until it failed absolutely the teacher. `` Performance '' hold the blame, but Carrie didnt have an income of her.. That & # x27 ; s going to Pomona like I am she recalls that other! Cadence in we Were Liars a starred review, stating that it was to... Universal Television died in the water, and of every new one we publish both the strengths weaknesses. How we operate: we work for what we want, and her,! Made it easy to rearrange segments of text, Cady spends the majority with her and... I look sick ; I have ever purchased failing her classes of us is Lying summary: Chapter 45 Liars! Love her despite what happened during Summer fifteen, but always with..
Allan Thompson Obituary,
Army Woft Acceptance Rate 2021,
Articles W